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ارزیابی خاصیت دگرآسیبی و قارچکشی عصاره آبی برگ و بنه زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) بر علفهرز خار مریم (Silybum marianum L.) و قارچ Aspergillus sp. | ||
| پژوهش های زعفران | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 14 آذر 1404 اصل مقاله (1.02 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22077/jsr.2025.10061.1288 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مسعود دهقانی1؛ مهدی جهانی* 2؛ حسین حمامی3 | ||
| 1plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 2عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه بیرجند | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بهمنظور ارزیابی خاصیت دگرآسیبی و قارچکشی عصاره برگ و بنه زعفران بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی و رشدی خار مریم و قارچ آسپرژیلوس 3 آزمایش مجزا بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه تحقیقات بذر، گلخانه تحقیقاتی و آزمایشگاه بیماریهای گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند در سال 1400 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش اثر بازدارندگی عصاره زعفران بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی بذر خار مریم (آزمایش اول) شامل دو نوع اندام زعفران (برگ و بنه) و هفت غلظت عصاره (صفر، 0625/0، 125/0، 25/0، 5/0، 1 و 2 درصد وزنی- حجمی) بودند. تیمارهای آزمایش اثر بازدارندگی عصاره زعفران بر خصوصیات جوانهزنی خار مریم در گلدان (آزمایش دوم) مشابه آزمایش اول و تیمارهای آزمایش بررسی اثر بازدارندگی عصاره زعفران بر رشد قارچ Aspergillus sp. (آزمایش سوم) مشابه دو آزمایش قبل بودند. نتایج آزمایش اول نشان داد که اثر متقابل نوع عصاره و غلظت عصاره بر درصد جوانهزنی، ضریب آلومتریک و وزن خشک ساقه معنیدار بود و کمترین صفات مذکور از غلظت 2 درصد عصاره برگ حاصل شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس آزمایش دوم نشان داد که اثر ساده نوع عصاره بر درصد جوانهزنی، ضریب آلومتریک و طول ریشه معنیدار بود و کمترین شاخص های مذکور از عصاره برگ حاصل شد. اثر ساده غلظت عصاره بر درصد جوانهزنی، سرعت جوانهزنی و طول ریشه معنیدار بود و غلظت 2 درصد عصاره دارای کمترین مقادیر صفات مذکور بود. اثر متقابل تیمارها بر طول ساقه، وزن خشک ساقه و وزن خشک ریشه معنیدار بود. کمترین طول ساقه از غلظت 5/0 درصد عصاره بنه به دست آمد. غلظت 2 درصد عصاره برگ دارای کمترین وزن خشک ساقه بود. نتایج آزمایش ضد قارچی نشان داد که قطر کلونی قارچ آسپرژیلوس روز ششم و نهم تحت تأثیر اثر متقابل نوع عصاره و غلظت عصاره قرار گرفت. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| کنترل بیولوژیکی؛ بازدارندگی؛ عامل بیماریزا؛ علف هرز؛ عصاره آبی | ||
| مراجع | ||
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