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تأثیر پوترسین و نیترات کلسیم بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک و عملکرد کنجد (.Sesamum indicum L) تحت تأثیر تنش رطوبتی | ||
تنشهای محیطی در علوم زراعی | ||
مقاله 5، دوره 15، شماره 2، تیر 1401، صفحه 335-346 اصل مقاله (367.67 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22077/escs.2020.3833.1922 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سمیرا قلی پور نویری1؛ غلامرضا زمانی* 2، 3؛ مجید جامی الاحمدی2، 3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند | ||
2عضو هیئتعلمی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند | ||
3گروه پژوهشی گیاه و تنشهای محیطی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی اثرات کاربرد پوترسین و نیترات کلسیم بر رنگدانههای فتوسنتزی و عملکرد کنجد تحت تنش رطوبتی آزمایشی بهصورت اسپلیتپلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بیرجند انجام شد. در این آزمایش تنش رطوبتی در سه سطح (100% (شاهد)، 75% و 50% نیاز آبی کنجد) بهعنوان فاکتور اصلی و محلولپاشی نیترات کلسیم (صفر، 5 و 10 میلی مولار) و پوترسین (صفر و 0.5 میلی مولار) و شاهد (عدم محلول پاشی) بهعنوان فاکتور فرعی موردبررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که برهمکنش تنش رطوبتی، نیترات کلسیم و پوترسین بر روی محتوی کلروفیل، پرولین، شاخص سبزینگی، تعداد دانه در کپسول، تعداد کپسول در بوته و عملکرد دانه معنی دار بودند. سطح 50% نیاز آبی موجب کاهش کلروفیل a (42%)، کلروفیل b (31%)، تعداد دانه در کپسول (43%)، تعداد کپسول در بوته (19%) و عملکرد دانه (40%) و افزایش میزان پرولین (21%) و شاخص سبزینگی (12%) شد. محلولپاشی نیترات کلسیم 10 میلی مولار و مصرف پوترسین ضمن کاهش اثرات ناشی از کمبود رطوبت موجب افزایش صفات مذکور نسبت به تیمار عدم محلولپاشی گردید. بالاترین عملکرد دانه (919.2 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در شرایط بدون تنش و مصرف همزمان پوترسین و 10 میلی مولار نیترات کلسیم حاصل شد که با تیمار 75% نیاز آبی تفاوت معنیدار نداشت. بهطورکلی تنش رطوبتی 50% نیاز آبی منجر به کاهش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کنجد شد. کاربرد نیترات کلسیم در غلظت 10 میلی مولار و پوترسین 0.5 میلی مولار توانستند اثرات مضر ناشی از تنش رطوبتی را کاهش داده و بهبود عملکرد را سبب شوند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پرولین؛ کلروفیل a؛ کلروفیل b؛ وزن هزار دانه | ||
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مراجع | ||
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