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بررسی تحمل به تنش شوری لاینهای علوفهای کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) در شرایط مزرعه | ||
| تنشهای محیطی در علوم زراعی | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 13 تیر 1405 اصل مقاله (1.11 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22077/escs.2026.9253.2362 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| معصومه صالحی1؛ فرهاد دهقانی* 1؛ حسین بیرامی1؛ مهدی خسروشیری2 | ||
| 1مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد | ||
| 2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تقاضا برای تولید علوفه حجیم و باکیفیت، بهویژه در مناطق تحتتأثیر شوری و کمآبی، به دلیل تغییرات اقلیمی، یکی از چالشهای اصلی بخش کشاورزی کشور است. پژوهشی در سال زراعی 1403-1402 در مزرعه تحقیقات شوری صدوق یزد بهمنظور ارزیابی تحمل به شوری لاینهای علوفه ای کینوا اجرا شد. آزمایش به صورت کرت های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تعداد 15 لاین برتر کینوا علوفه ای و رقم ترمه در کرتهای فرعی با سه سطح شوری آب آبیاری 5، 10 و 15 دسی زیمنس بر متر به همراه شاهد غیر شور در کرتهای اصلی قرار داده شدند. صفات زراعی شامل وزن تر و وزن خشک بوته، درصد ماده خشک، قطر ساقه و ارتفاع گیاه اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر شوری و لاین بر بیشتر صفات مورد بررسی در سطوح احتمال یک و پنج درصد معنیدار بود، اما اثر متقابل شوری و لاین از نظر آماری معنیدار نبود. همچنین، با افزایش سطح شوری، کاهش قابل توجهی در ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه، درصد ماده خشک و عملکرد علوفه خشک مشاهده شد. عملکرد علوفه تر با افزایش شوری تا 10 دسی زیمنس برمتر افزایش و در شوری های بیشتر کاهش پیدا کرد. همچنین تفاوت معنی داری بین لاینهای مختلف کینوا از نظر ارتفاع، درصد ماده خشک و عملکرد علوفه مشاهده شد. در بین 16 لاین مورد بررسی، لاین NSRCQF15 با تولید 68.8 تن علوفه تر و 15.65 تن علوفه خشک برتری معنیداری در شرایط یزد نشان داد. لاینهای NSRCQF3، NSRCQF4 و NSRCQF6 نیز بهعنوان لاینهای متحمل به شوری شناسایی شدند که دارای شاخص تحمل به شوری (STI) بالا، 50 درصد کاهش عملکرد در شوری بالاتر (EC50) و شیب کاهش عملکرد پایینتر بودند. لاین های NSRCQ3، NSRCQ8، NSRCQ10، NSRCQ13 و NSRCQ14 عملکرد علوفه خشک و شاخص تحمل به تنش شوری بالاتری از متوسط لاین ها داشتند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آستانه تحمل به تنش؛ شوری 50 درصد کاهش عملکرد؛ شیب خط کاهش عملکرد | ||
| مراجع | ||
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