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تحلیل تفاوتهای خاک مزارع زعفران تحت مدیریت کشاورزان پیشرو، ماهر و معمولی در شهرستان تربتحیدریه | ||
| پژوهشهای زعفران | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 11 دی 1404 اصل مقاله (782.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22077/jsr.2026.10298.1291 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمیدرضا فلاحی* 1؛ علیجان سالاریان2 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران. گروه پژوهشی گیاه و تنشهای محیطی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران. | ||
| 2پژوهشگر و کارشناس فنی امور پژوهشی، آموزشی و ترویج پژوهشکده زعفران، دانشگاه تربتحیدریه، تربتحیدریه، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تفاوت در خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک یکی از دلایل مهم اختلاف عملکرد زیاد در بین مزارع زعفران ایران میباشد. در این پژوهش برخی خصوصیات خاک تعداد 125 مزرعه زعفران در بین سه گروه از تولیدکنندگان شهرستان تربتحیدریه شامل کشاورزان پیشرو (خبره)، کشاورزان ماهر و کشاورزان معمولی، در سال 1400-1399 مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد خاک مزارع زعفران در شهرستان تربتحیدریه قلیایی (شاخص واکنش بین 7.5 تا 8.4) میباشد. همچنین مقدار شاخص واکنش خاک (pH) مزارع سه گروه کشاورزان شباهت زیادی داشت و میانگین آن برای مزارع کشاورزان معمولی، ماهر و پیشرو بهترتیب 7.9، 7.8 و 7.8 به دست آمد. میانگین هدایت الکتریکی خاک (EC) مزارع تمامی کشاورزان حدود 2.1 دسیزیمنس بر متر بود که در محدودة قابل تحمل توسط زعفران میباشد. میانگین درصد اشباع خاک برای مزارع کشاورزان معمولی، ماهر و پیشرو بهترتیب 36، 37.4 و 38.2 درصد بدست آمد. محدودة تغییرات مادة آلی خاک در مزارع کشاورزان معمولی، ماهر و پیشرو بهترتیب بین 14.36- 0.1، 14.51- 0.1 و 1.4- 0.21 درصد و مقدار متوسط آن بهترتیب 0.54، 0.62و 0.64 درصد بود. بیشترین و کمترین مقدار وزن مخصوص ظاهری خاک (1.61 و 1.53 گرم بر سانتیمترمکعب) بهترتیب در مزارع کشاورزان معمولی و پیشرو به دست آمد. متوسط مقدار رس خاک در مزارع کشاورزان معمولی، ماهر و پیشرو بهترتیب 13.1، 13.8 و 17.4 درصد بود. در مجموع از منظر خصوصیات خاک، بالاتر بودن محتوای رس، ماده آلی و درصد اشباع و کمتر بودن وزن مخصوص ظاهری خاک میتواند از دلایل مهم کسب عملکرد بیشتر توسط کشاورزان پیشرو معرفی شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| خلاء عملکرد؛ درصد اشباع خاک؛ مادة آلی؛ وزن مخصوص ظاهری؛ هدایت الکتریکی | ||
| مراجع | ||
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