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ارزیابی وضعیت تولید، شاخصهای کارایی انرژی و مدیریت دانش گیاه زعفران در استان هرات -افغانستان | ||
| پژوهش های زعفران | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 14 آذر 1404 اصل مقاله (1.11 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22077/jsr.2025.10018.1287 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رامین نظریان1؛ مهدی نصیری محلاتی2؛ سرور خرم دل* 3 | ||
| 11- دانشیار گروه اگرونومی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه هرات- افغانستان | ||
| 2استاد گروه آگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 33- دانشیار گروه آگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) یکی از عمدهترین گیاهان دارویی با ارزش اقتصادی بالا در زراعت استان هرات افغانستان محسوب میشود. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی وضعیت تولید و مطالعه شاخصهای مصرف انرژی در مزارع زعفران در طـی دورهای شش سـاله، از طریق پرسشنامه جمعآوری و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که استان هرات در سال 2023 با سطح زیر کشت 7952 هکتار و تولید 22240 کیلوگرم، 6/95 درصد از کل تولید زعفران را در کشور افغانستان بخود اختصاص داده است. بیشترین انرژی مصرفی در سال اول مربوط به بنه مادری (57/33 درصد از کل انرژی ورودی) بود. در حالیکه بیشترین انرژیهای مصرفی طی شش سال به ترتیب مربوط به کودهای شیمیایی، آب آبیاری، کود دامی، نیروی انسانی، الکتریسیته و سوخت با 4/24، 04/17، 04/15، 88/6، 00/1 و 57/1 درصد از کل انرژی-های ورودی بود. کارایی مصرف انرژی بر اساس کلاله 001/0، بهرهوری انرژی 00007/0 کیلوگرم به ازای مصرف هرمگاژول، انرژی مخصوص و انرژی خالص نیز به ترتیب برابر با 1/14969 مگاژول بر کیلوگرم و 1/132577- مگاژول بر هکتار محاسبه شد. اگرچه نسبت انرژی تولیدی به مصرفی در زراعت زعفران در کشور افغانستان نسبتاً پایین است، ولی نتایج این تحقیـق نـشان داد که زعفران در استان هرات به صورت اکولوژیک در زمینهای با مساحت کم و به شیوه سنتی کشت میشود. با اینوجود، به دلیل ارزآوری، نقش اقتصادی بالاتری نسبت بـه دیگـر گیاهـان در الگـوی کـشت منطقه داشته و باعث اشتغالزایی و بهیود معیشت روستاییان میگردد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| کشاورزی اکولوژیک؛ انرژی تجدیدپذیر؛ کارایی مصرف انرژی؛ بهرهوری انرژی؛ انرژی خالص | ||
| مراجع | ||
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