Politeness Strategies Used in the Correspondence of L1 and L2 User Interpol Police Officers

Ahmadi, R. & Weisi, H. (2023). Grand strategy of politeness in new social networks: revisiting Leech’s politeness theory among Iranian EFL learners using Telegram. Journal of Politeness Research, 19(2), 415-438. https://doi.org/10.1515/pr-2022-0003

AlAfnan, M. A. (2014). Politeness in business writing: The effects of ethnicity and relating factors on email communication. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 4, 275-289. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2014.42022

Andersson, M. (2024). E-mpoliteness – creative impoliteness as an expression of digital social capital. Journal of Politeness Research, 20(2), 227-248. https://doi.org/10.1515/pr-2022-0009

Brown, L. & Kim, S. (2025). Intercultural Im/politeness: perceptions of language choice and translanguaging in the Korean community in Australia. Journal of Politeness Research, 21(1), 193-220. https://doi.org/10.1515/pr-2023-0079

Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813085

Cao, J. (2024). Prosody influence on (im)politeness perception in Chinese-German intercultural communication. Journal of Politeness Research, 20(2), 483-506. https://doi.org/10.1515/pr-2022-0043

Farinde, R. O., Olajuyigbe, O. A., & Matthew, A. (2015). Discourse control strategies in police-suspect interrogation in Nigeria. International Journal of English Linguistics,5(1), 146-158. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v5n1p146

Goldsmith, D., & Macgeorge, E. (2000). The impact of politeness and relationship on perceived quality of advice about a problem. Human Communication Research, 26(2), 234-263. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2000.tb00757.x

Goudarzi, E., Ghonsooly, B., & Taghipour, Z. (2015). Politeness strategies in English business letters: A comparative study of native and non-native speakers of English. Psychology of Language and Communication, 19(1), 44-57. https://doi.org/10.1515/plc-2015-0004

Guodong, L. & Jing, H. (2005). A contrastive study on disagreement strategies for politeness between American English & Mandarin Chinese. Asian EFL Journal, 7(1), 1-12.

Hodeib, C. (2024). Conceptualizations and evaluations of (im)politeness in Syrian Arabic. Journal of Politeness Research, 20(2), 297-318. https://doi.org/10.1515/pr-2020-0016

Janney, R. W. & Arndt, H. (1993). Universality and relativity in cross-cultural politeness Japanese. Multilingua, 8(2), 207–221.

 Jansen, F., & Janssen, D. (2010). Effects of positive politeness strategies in business letters. Journal of Pragmatics, 42(9), 2531-2548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2010.02.013

Kasper, G. (1994). Politeness. In R. E. Asher & J. M. Y. Simpson (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of linguistic politeness (pp. 223–248). Multilingua.

Kaur, J. (2023). (Mis/non) understanding in intercultural interactions. In I. Kecskes (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of intercultural pragmatics (pp. 164-187). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108884303

Lakoff, R. (1975). Linguistic theory and the real world. Language Learning, 25(2), 309-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1975.tb00249.x

Leech, G. N. (1980). Explorations in semantics and pragmatics. Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/pb.i.5

Maier, P. (1992). Politeness strategies in business letters by native and non-native English speakers. English for Specific Purposes, 11(3), 189-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0889-4906(05)80009-2

Mekonnen, Y. K. (2018). The importance of English communication skills for Ethiopian military observers and police officers in international peacekeeping missions. Communication and Linguistics Studies, 4(4), 99-107. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cls.20180404.11

Mohammad Hosseinpur, R. & Mosavy, Z. (2019). Gratitude speech act on Instagram: The emergence of a particular genre of language? Language Horizons, 3(1), 21-41. https://doi.org/10.22051/lghor.2019.26470.1133

Mohammad Hosseinpur, R., & Mosavy, Z. (2021). Politeness on Instagram: The employment of gratitude speech act by male and female English and Persian users. Research in English Language Pedagogy, 9(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.30486/relp.2020.1897275.1197

Mugford, G. (2022). Towards a new pedagogy for teaching foreign language politeness: Halliday’s model and approaches to politeness. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003326052

Nickerson, C. (1999). The use of politeness strategies in business letters written by native speakers of English. Discourse in Professional Contexts, 127-142

O’Driscoll, J. & Haugh, M. (2024). 20 years (further) on: whither politeness studies now? Opening up the binaries. Journal of Politeness Research, 20(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1515/pr-2023-0085

Pilegaard, M. (1997). Politeness in written business discourse: A text linguistic perspective on requests. Journal of Pragmatics, 28(2), 223-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-2166(96)00084-7

Rasmussen, S. L. (2010). To define and inform an analysis of information provided in dictionaries used by learners of English in China and Denmark. Cambridge Scholars.

Rattanapian, S. (2015). Politeness and miscommunications in service encounters at tourist police centers in Thailand (Doctoral dissertation). Thammasat University, Thailand.

Richards, J. C., & Schmidt, R. W. (2013). Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics. Rutledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833835

Shams, M. R. (1997). Gender, socioeconomic status, and politeness strategies. (Unpublished master's thesis). Esfahan: Esfahan University.

Shehadeh, M. (2017). Politeness strategies of the provisional agreement document. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 8(1), 227-232. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.1p.227

Spencer-Oatey, H. (2023). Politeness and rapport management. In I. Kecskes (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of intercultural pragmatics (pp. 484-509). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108884303

Wagner, L. C. (2004). Positive and negative politeness strategies: Apologizing in the speech community of Cuernavaca, Mexico. Intercultural Communication Studies, 13, 19-28.

Watts, R. J. (2003). Politeness. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511615184

Whaley, B. B., & Samter, W. (2007). Explaining communication: contemporary theories and exemplars. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.