1. Safari M, Shabani R, Fadaei Chafy MR. The effect of combined training on cardiorespiratory fitness, IGF-1, motor performance, and muscle cross-sectional area of obese elderly men. Journal of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences. 2024;10(4):1439-48. [In Persian]. http://journal.jmu.ac.ir/article-1-758-en.html
2. Ghorbani Dasht Bayaz N, Donyaie A, Vosadi E. Comparing endurance and resistance training on the expression of senescence-related genes in the visceral adipose tissue of obese rats. Journal of Sport Biosciences. 2023;15(3):51-60. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22059/jsb.2023.351533.1560
3. Pahlavan F, Tork Tatari F, Fazeli S, Razavinia F, Tehranian N. Role of adiponectin hormone in fertility and sterility: A systematic review. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2018;21(5):97-107. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22038/ijogi.2018.11391
4. Saeidi A, Saei MA, Mohammadi B, Zarei HRA, Vafaei M, Mohammadi AS, et al. Supplementation with spinach-derived thylakoid augments the benefits of high intensity training on adipokines, insulin resistance and lipid profiles in males with obesity. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2023;14:1141796. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1141796
5. Dehghan F, Cheragh Birjandi S. Effect of obesity on skeletal muscle semaphorin 3C levels in male and female wistar rats. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2022;14(3):92-9. [In Persian]. http://journal.nkums.ac.ir/article-1-2645-en.html
6. Nam JS, Ahn CW, Park HJ, Kim YS. Semaphorin 3 C is a novel adipokine representing exercise-induced improvements of metabolism in metabolically healthy obese young males. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):10005. https://doi.org/ 10.1038/s41598-020-67004-7
7. da Silva Gonçalves CE, Fock RA. Semaphorins and the bone marrow microenvironment: New candidates that influence the hematopoietic system. Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews. 2024;76:22-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.02.002
8. Lu Q, Zhu L. The role of semaphorins in metabolic disorders. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020;21(16):5641. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21165641
9. Tan Q, Zhang C, Rao X, Wan W, Lin W, Huang S, et al. The interaction of lipocalin-2 and astrocytes in neuroinflammation: mechanisms and therapeutic application. Frontiers in Immunology. 2024;15:1358719. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1358719
10. Samadi A, Abbassi DA, Barari A, Saeidi A. The effect of combined training with canagliflozin on lipocalin-2 and omentin in type 2 diabetic men. 2022;29(9):52-62. [In Persian]. https://www.magiran.com/p2534615
11. Alipour Ghazichaki N, Abdi A, Barari A. The effect of pilates training with resveratrol on serum levels of sestrin 2, lipocalin 2, oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome in obese middle-aged women. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology. 2023;10(2):94-109. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22049/jahssp.2023.28394.1548.
12. Salus M, Tillmann V, Remmel L, Unt E, Mäestu E, Parm Ü, et al. Serum osteocalcin, sclerostin and lipocalin-2 levels in adolescent boys with obesity over a 12-week sprint interval training. Children. 2023;10(5):850. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/children10050850
13. Choi EB, Jeong JH, Jang HM, Ahn YJ, Kim KH, An HS, et al. Skeletal lipocalin-2 is associated with iron-related oxidative stress in ob/ob mice with sarcopenia. Antioxidants. 2021;10(5):758. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10050758
14. Huang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Li Q, Wen J, Tao X, et al. Lipocalin-2, glucose metabolism and chronic low-grade systemic inflammation in Chinese people. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2012;11:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-11-11
15. Azimian E, Akbarnejad Gharehloo A, Pournemati P. The effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on muscle function and some proteins related to sarcopenia in soleus muscle of obese aged male rats. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology. 2023;10(2):13-26. [In Persian]. http://dx.doi.org/10.22049/JAHSSP.2023.28239.1537
16. Razavi DSM, Keshavarz S, Banaei BJ, Eftekhari E. The effect of endurance, resistance and combination training on HIF1 gene expression, plasma PGC1a levels and body composition of overweight elderly men. 2023. [In Persian].
17. Zoalfaghari F, Haghighi A, Hamedinia MR. The effect of circuit resistance exercise before exhausting running on treadmill on fat, carbohydrate metabolism and energy expenditure in overweight and obese girls. Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 2020;27(3):356-61. [In Persian]. https://www.magiran.com/p2177012
18. Miri A, Abdollahi S, Dehghan E. Comparison of the effect of high and moderate intensity interval training on the serum levels of irisin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in male students with obesity. Feyz Medical Sciences Journal. 2023;27(5):521-8. [In Persian]. http://feyz.kaums.ac.ir/article-1-4911-en.html
19. Naghizadeh H, Hemati Farsani Z. The effect of 8 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and green tea consumption on serum levels of thioredoxin reductase-1, paraoxonase-1, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and galanin in obese elderly untrained men. Sport Physiology. 2023;15(58):69-100. [In Persian].
20. Sepehri MH, Nemati J, Koushkie Jahromi M, Eskandari MH, Daryanoosh F. The effect of high-intensity interval training on GLP-1, appetite, and weight in obese rats. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal. 2021;20(3):290-9. [In Persian]. https://www.magiran.com/p2367706
21. Sezgin G, Kar F, Uslu S. The effect of nutrition and exercise training on irisin and semaphorin-3E levels in obese patients. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry. 2022;128(2):558-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/13813455.2020.1779310
22. Ahmady M, Kazemzadeh Y, Mirzayan Shanjani Sanaz S, Eizadi M, Shahedy V. The effect of high intensity interval training on lipocalin 2 gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue and insulin function in obese rats with induced diabetes. Journal of Nutrition, Fasting and Health. 2024;12(2):82-9. https://doi.org/10.22038/jnfh.2023.75915.1477
23. Ponzetti M, Aielli F, Ucci A, Cappariello A, Lombardi G, Teti A, et al. Lipocalin 2 increases after high‐intensity exercise in humans and influences muscle gene expression and differentiation in mice. Journal of Cellular Physiology. 2022;237(1):551-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.30501
24. Sharifian S, Shabani R, Azarbayjani MA, Elmieh A. The effect of 12 weeks endurance training and high fat diet on gene expression of β3-adrenergic and cyclic adenosine monophosphate receptors of brown adipose tissue in obese male rats. Journal of Practical Studies of Biosciences in Sport. 2022;10(21):20-30. [In Persian]. https://www.magiran.com/p2423992
25. Azarniveh MS, Askari R, Haghighi AH. The effect of high-intensity intermittent training with spirulina powder on changes in gene expression of inflammation and atrophy in the soleus muscle of obese elderly diabetic rats. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2022;39(652):922-33. [In Persian].
26. Burojeny ZK, Rajabi H, Marandi M, Haghjoo S, Burojeny AK, Noorian E. Effect of resistance training on plasma FGF-2 and myostatin level in male wistar rats. Research in Sport Medicine and Technology. 2018;16(15):11-22. [In Persian]. https://www.magiran.com/p1929459
27. Ghasemian SO, Seyyed A, Bazdar Teshnizi M, Mostajir M, Karimi-Dehkordi M. Effect of high-intensity interval training on cardiac oxidative stress parameters and blood serum biochemical profile in ovariectomized aged rats. Journal of Animal Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). 2023;36(3):226-39. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/20.1001.1.23832614.1402.36.3.4.9
28. Bakhtiyari A, Pournemati P. Effect 12 week high-intensity interval training and Endurance intensity training on proteins of AMPK and ERRα in elderly rats. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. 2021;64(1):2308-18. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2021.17803
29. Mejhert N, Wilfling F, Esteve D, Galitzky J, Pellegrinelli V, Kolditz C-I, et al. Semaphorin 3C is a novel adipokine linked to extracellular matrix composition. Diabetologia. 2013;56:1792-801. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-013-2931-z
30. Supriya R, Shishvan SR, Kefayati M, Abednatanzi H, Razi O, Bagheri R, et al. Astaxanthin supplementation augments the benefits of crossFit workouts on semaphorin 3C and other adipokines in males with obesity. Nutrients. 2023;15(22):4803. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224803
31. Liu M, Xie S, Liu W, Li J, Li C, Huang W, et al. Mechanism of SEMA3G knockdown-mediated attenuation of high-fat diet-induced obesity. Journal of Endocrinology. 2020;244(1):223-36. https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-19-0029
32. Fazelzadeh M, Afzalpour MI, Mohammadi ZF. The effect of 4-week voluntary wheel running on hippocampus levels of semaphorin 3B and hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis in diabetic rats. Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Health Services. 2020;42(2):215-21. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.34172/mj.2020.039
33. Ghadiri Hormati L, Aminaei M, Dakhili AB. The effect of high-intensity exercise training on gene expression of semaphorin 3A in extensor digitorum longus muscles of aged C57bl/6 mice. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences. 2017;25(1):92-102. [In Persian]
34. Aagaard P, Suetta C, Caserotti P, Magnusson SP, Kjær M. Role of the nervous system in sarcopenia and muscle atrophy with aging: strength training as a countermeasure. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2010;20(1):49-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01084.x
35. Bagherpour Tabalvandani MM, Fadaei Chafy MR, Elmieh A. Effects of resistance aerobic training on the expression of SEMA3A and NCAM genes and proteins in the soleus muscle of male rats in different age groups. Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. 2022;31(3):192-205. [In Persian]. http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-2494-en.html
36. Uslu S, Sezgin G, Kar F, Dinçer Öner K. The effects of dietary and exercise therapy on some biochemical parameters and semaphorin 3E in obese and non-obese patients. Clinical Chemistry And Laboratory Medicine. 2018;56(11).
37. Wang Y, Lam KS, Kraegen EW, Sweeney G, Zhang J, Tso AW, et al. Lipocalin-2 is an inflammatory marker closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia in humans. Clinical Chemistry. 2007;53(1):34-41. https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2006.075614
38. Bauer C, Sim M, Prince RL, Zhu K, Lim EM, Byrnes E, et al. Circulating lipocalin-2 and features of metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling older women: A cross-sectional study. Bone. 2023;176:116861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2023.116861
39. Esmaeili B, Abdi A, Mehrabani J. Effect of 8 weeks aerobic training with cinnamon extract supplementation on Lipocalin-2 and IL-1ß in insulin-resistant rats. Metabolism and Exercise. 2018;8(2):151-61. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22124/jme.2019.3571
40. Fattahpour Marandi M, Babaei S. Effect of 12 weeks of resistance and aerobic training on serum levels of CTRP-12 and LCN-2 in women with type-2 diabetes. Journal of Sport Biosciences. 2023;15(2):43-55. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/10.22059/jsb.2023.357093.1581
41. Pour Hashemi AS, Riyahi Malayeri S, Kalhor A, Salavattizadeh F. Effect of high intensity interval training and Eryngium billardieri consumption on adipose visceral Lipocalin2 gene and insulin resistance in rats with metabolic syndrome. Physical Activity and Health. 2022;1(2):1-11. https://doi.org/.10.61186/jspac.33236.2.3.17
42. Ferreira AC, Sousa N, Sousa JC, Marques F. Age-related changes in mice behavior and the contribution of lipocalin-2. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2023;15:1179302. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2023.1179302
43. Ferreira AC, Marques F. The effects of stress on hippocampal neurogenesis and behavior in the absence of lipocalin-2. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023;24(21):15537. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115537
44. Talebi-garakani E, Hoseini-Andargoli M, Fathi R, Safarzade AR. Changes of adipose tissue lipocalin-2 gene expression in response to one session exercise in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2012;14(2):178-84. [In Persian]. http://ijem.sbmu.ac.ir/article-1-1267-en.html
45. Hosseini M, Bambaeichi E, Sarir H, Kargarfard M, Mogharnasi M. The effect of six weeks of continuous training with ziziphus jujube extract consumption on lipocalin-2 and adiponectin levels in plasma and heart tissue of rats with myocardial infraction (mi). Internal Medicine Today. 2018;24(3):193-202.. [In Persian]. https://www.magiran.com/p1854749
46. Shemshaki A, Hosseini M, Saghebjoo M, Arefi R. The effect of 6 weeks of aerobic training on plasma levels of lipocalin-2, insulin and insulin resistance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats. Sport Physiology & Management Investigations. 2016;8(1):51-61. [In Persian]. https://www.magiran.com/p1570708
47. Kashef M, Salehpour M, Sadegh Ghomi M. Effect of eight weeks swimming exercise training on VEGF-A and FGF-2 of hippocampus tissue and Lee’s index in male wistar rats. Journal of Sport and Biomotor Sciences. 2019;22(22):10-8. [In Persian]. https://www.magiran.com/p2488861
48. Rasuli M, Zarrinkalam E. The effect of four weeks of aerobic training on the activity of left ventricular catalase enzyme and insulin resistance index in male rats treated with streptozotocin and exposed to A high-fat diet. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism. 2022;22(4):255-64. [In Persian]. http://ijdld.tums.ac.ir/article-1-6175-en.html
