پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 22 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 325 |
| تعداد مقالات | 3,414 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 3,934,559 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 2,772,021 |
Determine Components of Household Water Consumption Per Capita in Rural Communities (Case Study: South Khorasan province, Iran) | ||
| Water Harvesting Research | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 3، 1&2، فروردین 2018، صفحه 41-51 اصل مقاله (540.91 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22077/jwhr.2019.1054 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Abolfazl Akbarpour* 1؛ Mohsen Azizi2 | ||
| 1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Birjand, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Water Engineering, University of Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The piped water consumption per capita is more than 142 cubic meters per year in Iran that is higher than the consumption per capita of some water-filled European countries such as Belgium and Austria. The use of drinking water for washing dishes, clothes, cars as well as bathing and watering gardens are of the important reasons for piped water high consumption in Iran. However, different lifestyle patterns, water users’ facilities, culture and employment types of the majority, as well as very different climatic conditions in rural areas of the country, have caused different water needs. Therefore, it is necessary to determine different components of household water consumption by doing regional and zonal studies separately throughout the country. For this, three water supply complexes of Ali Abad Looleh, Khoor, and Vahdat were selected according to climatic, economic and social conditions among water supply complexes of South Khorasan province. In this study, 128 common water was randomly selected by considering economic - social and household size conditions. Then, to measure every component of water per capita, including drinking, bathing, washing and watering home green space different counters were inserted at homes. Counters were read daily for a week. Results showed that the average water consumption per capita was 99.9 liters a day for the province rural communities. In addition, the contribution of each component of water per capita, including drinking, bathing, washing and watering home green space were 3.6, 15.7, 63.1 and 17.5 liters a day. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Water Consumption Per Capita؛ Household Sector؛ Villages | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Akbarpour, A., & Azizi, M. (2009). Report of a research project investigating the feasibility of dual water systems in rural communities of South Khorasan. Agriculture faculty of Birjand University.
AWWA Research Foundation. (1999). Residential End Uses of Water. American Water Works Association.
Azizi, M., Akbari, P., & Barghi, R. (2012). Investigation and evaluation of drinking water quality changes in Birjand villages during (2008-2010) using Arc GIS software. The First International Conference on Water Crisis and Consequent Effects. The Azad University of Ferdows.
Banaei Ghah Farrokhi, B., Mahmoodi Chalebtani, S., Koohi, Sh., & Banaei Ghah Farrokhi, A. (2009). Investigation of water use optimization via operations research methods using linear programming model (the case study of Lordeghan). Second National Conference on Water and Wastewater (with a view to reforming consumption patterns). Water and Power Industry University of Tehran.
Fahiminia, M., Majidi, GH., Tashauoei, H. R., Nazeri, SH., Vakili, B., Aghababaei, H., Abbasi, E., & Izanloo, H. (2015). Evaluation of Water Consumption Pattern and Unaccounted for Water in Rural Areas of Qom and Offering Corrective Strategies. Quarterly Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, 22(3), 410-418.
FAO. (2003). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome. Italy.
Ghasemi, H., Hedayati, S., & Tajbakhsh Tavakkoli, M. (2008). Investigation and evaluation of home water waste per capita and presentation of necessary approaches for optimizing the consumption ( the case study of Zabol). Proceedings of the First International Conference on Water Crisis. Zabol University.
Gibbon, D. C. (1986). The economic value of water. Resources for the future Washington DC.
Gleick, P. H. (2001). The World’s Water 2000-2001: The Biennial Report on Freshwater Resources.
Gleick, P. H. (1993). Water in crisis: A guide to the world’s freshwater resources. Oxford University Press. The UK.
Javadi, Z. (2000). Determining the amount of water consumed for home green space in the city of Yazd. Abstracts of the first scientific- research conference on optimization of water consumption. Tehran Province Water and Wastewater Company.
Maleki Nasab, A., Tabesh, M., & Galibaf Sarshoori, M. (2009). A field study of utilizing energy-efficient equipment and valves impacts on home consumption reduction. Journal of Iran Water Resources Researches, 62, 2-11.
Plan and Budget Organization and the Department of Energy. (1992). Principles of urban water supply schemes. Issue No. 3-117.
Ramakrishna, V., & Babu, B. V. (2003). Freshwater depletion a crisis: causes and remedies. Environment & People, 6(1), 33-39.
Richard, L. M. (1992). Factors that Affect Public-Supply water use in Florida with a section on projected water use to the year 2020. Reprints From the collection of the University of Michigan Library.
Rural water and Waste Water Company of South Khorasan. (2006). Studies of the first phase of the water supply comprehensive plan for Qaen ahangaran complex. 500pp.
Saleh Nia, N., Fallahi, M.A., Ansari, H., & Davari, K. (2007). Investigation of urban potable water tariffs and its effect on water consumption pattern of subscribers in Nishaboor. Water and Wastewater Journal, 63, 50-59.
Semsar Yazdi, A., Baghaeepoor, M., & Semsar Yazdi, S. (2017). Estimation of the Per Capita Drinking Water Consumption; A Case Study of Ardakan City in Yazd Province. Journal of Water & Wastewater Science & Engineering, 1(1), 4-10.
Shajari, Sh. (1992). The function of water demand in the city Fasa. Expert seminar of Agricultural Economics Group. Agriculture faculty of Shiraz University.
Shiklomanov, I.A. (2000). Appraisal and assessment of world water resources. Water International Journal, 25, 11-32.
Tajrishi, M., & Abrishamchi, A. (2006). To manage water demand resource of the country. Proceedings of the conference on prevention methods of water loss. Faculty of Civil Engineering. Sharif University.
United Nations. (1976). The Demand for water: Procedures and methodologies for projecting water demands in the context of regional planning. United Nations Publications. New York. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,073 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 691 |
||
نماد الکترونیک
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. قدرت گرفته از سیناوب