اثر بیوچار بر خصوصیات رشدی و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم مرزه تابستانه (.Satureja hortensis L) تحت تنش کلرید سدیم

Akhtar, S.S., Andersen, M.N., Liu, F., 2015. Biochar mitigates salinity stress in potato. Journal of Agronomyand Crop Science. 5, 368-378.

Arefi, A., 2015. Effect of inoculation of mycorrhiza fungi, sewage black mud and produced biochar on soil cadmium absorption under maize cultivation. Master Thesis, Isfahan University of Technology [In Persian].

Ashraf, M., Ahmad, S., 2000. Influence of sodium chloride on ion accumulation, yield components and fiber characteristics in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L). Field Crops Research. 66(2), 115-127.

Ashraf, M., Khanum, A., 1997. Relationship between ion accumulation and growth in two spring wheat lines differing in salt tolerance at different growth different growth stages. Journal of Agronomyand Crop Science. 178(1), 39-51.

Aziza, E.E., Al-Amir, H., Craker, L.E., 2008. Influence of salt stress on growth and essential oil production in peppermint, pennyroyal and apple mint. Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants. 14, 77-87.

Babaei, K., Amini Dehghi, M., Modares Sanavi, A., Jabbari, R., 2010. Investigation the effect of salinity stress on some morphologic, physiologic and chemical of Thymus vulgaris. Agronomy Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 71, 79-86. [In Persian with English Summary].

Bernstein, N., Kravchik, M., Dudai, N., 2010. Salinity‐induced changes in essential oil, pigments and salts accumulation in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) in relation to alterations of morphological development. Annals of Applied Biology. 156(2), 167-177.

Biederman L.A., Harpole, W.S., 2013. Biochar and its effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling: a meta‐analysis. Global Change Biology Bioenergy. 5(2), 202-214.

Chan K.Y., Van Zwieten L., Meszaros I., Downie A., Joseph, S., 2007. Agronomic values of green waste biochar as a soil amendment. Australian Journal of Soil Research. 45(8), 629-634.

Chiang, K.Y., Huang H.J., Chang, C.N., 2007. Enhancement of heavy metal stabilization by different amendments during sewage sludge composting process. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 17(4), 249-256.

El-Shafy, S., Meawad, A.A., Wad, A., Shaer, M., 1991. Effect of combination treatment between salinity, gamma irradiation as well as cycocyl on: II Leaf pigment and chemical constituents of sweet basil plants. Journal of Agricultural Research. 18, 2247-2293.

Emaratpardaz, J., Hami, A., Gohari, A. Gh., 2016. Evaluation of growth characteristics and Essential essential oil yield of Satureja hortensis L. under salinity and Zn foliar spraying. Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production. 26(3), 131-141 [In Persian with English Summary].

Farhangi-Abriz, S., Torabian, S., 2017. Antioxidant enzyme and osmotic adjustment changes in bean seedlings as affected by biochar under salt stress. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 137, 64-70.

Gaskin, J.W., Steiner C., Harris K., Das K.C., Bibens, B., 2008. Effect of low-temperature pyrolysis conditions on biochar for agricultural use. Transactions of the ASABE. 51(6), 2061-2069.

Goldani, M., Selahvarzi, Y., Nabati, J., Alirezai Noghandar, M., 2012. Effect of exogenous application of hydrogen peroxidase on some indexes of salinity tolerance inOriganum majorana L. Journal of Horticultural Science. 26(2), 153-161 [In Persian with English Summary].

Grattan, S.R., Grieve, C.M., 1998. Salinity–mineral nutrient relations in horticultural crops. Scientia Horticulturae. 78(1-4), 127-157.

Hadian, J., Tabatabaei, S.M.F., Naghavi, M.R., Jamzad, Z., Ramak-Masoumi, R., 2008. Genetic diversity of Iranian accessions of Satureja hortensis L. based on horticultural traits and RAPD markers. Scientia Horticulture. 115, 196-202.

Hammer, E.C., Forstreuter, M., Rillig, M.C., Kohler, J., 2015. Biochar increases Arbuscular mycorrhiza plant growth enhancement and ameliorates salinity stress. Applied Soil Ecology. 96, 114-121.

Hasegawa, P.M., Bressan, R.A., Zhu, J.K., Bohnert, H.J., 2000. Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and plant Molecular Biology. 51, 463–499.

Heidari Sharif Abad, H., 2001. Plants and salinity. Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands.199 p. [In Persian]

Hejazi Zadeh, A., Gholamalizadeh Ahangar, A., Ghorbani, M., 2016. Effect of biochar on lead and cadmium absorption of sewage black mud of paper factories by sunflower. Water and Soil Science. 26(2), 259-271 [In Persian with English Summary].

Heydari, M., Nadian, H., Bakhshandeh, A., Alami Saeid, Kh., Fathi, GH., 2007. Effect of salinity and nitrogen rates on osmotic adjustment and accumulation of mineral nutrients in wheat. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 4, 193-210 [In Persian with English Summary].

Jamil, M., Deogbaebae, L., Kwangyong, J., Ashraf, M., Sheongchunchun, L., Euishik, R., 2006. Effect of salt (NaCl) stress on germination and early seedling growth of four vegetables species. Journal of Central European Agriculture. 7, 273-82.

Kasrati, A., Jamali, C.A., Bekkouche, K., Wohlmuth, H., Leach, D., Abbad, A., 2014. Plant growth, mineral nutrition and volatile oil composition of Mentha suaveolens subsp. timija hareley cultivated under salt stress. Industrial Crops and Products. 59, 80-84.

Khorsandi, H., Hasani, A., Sefidkon, F., Shirzad, H., Khorsandi, A.R., 2010. The effect of salinity stress because of NaCl on growth, yield, essential oil content and composition of Agastache foeniculum kuntz. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 3, 451-438 [In Persian].

Kumar, S.G., Reddy, A.M., Sudhakar, C., 2003. NaCl effects on proline metabolism in two high yielding genotypes of mulberry (Morus alba L.) with contrasting salt tolerance. Plant Science. 165(6), 1245-1251.

Lashari, M.S., Ye, Y., Ji, H., Li, L., Kibue, G.W., Lu, H., Zheng, J., Pan, G., 2014. Biochar manure compost manure compost in conjunction with pyroligneous solution alleviated salt stress and improved leaf bioactivity of maize in a saline soil from central China: a two year field experiment. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture. 95(6), 1321-1327.

Lehmann, J., Kem, D., German, L., McCann, J., Martis, G.C., Moreira, L., 2003. Soil fertility and production potential. Chapter 6. In: Lehmann, J., Kern, D.C., Glaser, B., Woods, W.I., (eds.) Amazonian Dark Earths: Origin Properties, Management. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht. pp 105–124.

Liu, T., Liu, B., Zhang, W., 2014. Nutrients and heavy metals in Biochar biochar produced by sewage sludge pyrolysis: It’s application in soil amendment. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 23(1), 271-275.

Major, J., Steiner, C., Downie, A., Lehmann, J., 2009. Biochar effects on nutrient leaching. In: Lehmann, J., Joseph, S. (eds), Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology. London: Earthscan Publishing. 405 p.

Mehrizi, M.H., Shariatmadari, H., Khoshgoftarmanesh, A.H., Zarezadeh, A., 2011. Effect of salinity and zinc on physiological and nutritional responses of rosemary. International Agrophysics. 25, 349-353.

Melero, S., Madejon, E., Ruiz, J.C., Herencia, J.F., 2007. Chemical and biochemical properties of properties of a clay soil under dry land agriculture system as affected by organic fertilization. European Journal of Agronomy. 26, 327–334.

Misra, N., Gupta, A.K., 2006. Effect of salinity and different nitrogen sources on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and indole alkaloid content in Catharanthus roseus seedlings. Journal of Plant Physiology. 163(1), 11-18.

Molavi, H., Mohammadi, M., Liaghat, A., 2011. Effect of salinity water management during growth period on yield and yield contents of maize in soil salinity profile. Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering. 35(3), 11-18 [In Persian with English Summary].

Munns, R., 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant, Cell and Environment. 25(2), 239-250.

Munns, R., 2005. Genes and salt tolerance: bringing them together. New Phytologist. 167(3), 645-663.

Munns, R., Tester, M., 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review Plant Physiology. 59, 651-681.

Nabavinia, F., 2013. Effect of tanning wastages and biochar on some physical and chemical characteristics of soil, growth and yield of radish and carrot. Master Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. [In Persian].

Niu, X., Bressan, R.A., Hasegawa, P.M., Pardo, J.M., 1995. Ion homeostasis in NaCl stress environment. Plant Physiology. 109(3), 735-742.

Noorani Azad, H.F., Haji Bagheri, M.R., 2008. Effect of salinity stress on some physiological characteristics of Anthum graveolens L. Scientific Information Database. 4(12), 93-100 [In Persian with English Summary].

Noori, K., Omidi, H., Naghdi Badi, H., Torabi, H., Fotokian, M.H., 2012. Effect of salinity water and soil on flower yield, solution composition, salinity element content and essential oil quality of Matricaria recutita L. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture. 4(26), 368-378 [In Persian].

Omidbaigi, R., 2004. Production and processing of medicinal plants. Astan Qods Razavi Publisher. [In Persian].

Rajabi, H., Safarzadeh, S., Ronaghi, A., 2017. Effect of pistachio residue biochar prepared at two different temperatures and different nitrogen and phosphorus levels on some macronutrients concentration and spinach growth. Journal of Water and Soil. 31(2), 557-569. [In Persian with English Summary].

Rajabi, H., 2014. Effect of pistachio residue, sewage black mud, and chemical fertilizer on bio- provision and nitrogen and phosphorus absorption by spinach. Master Thesis. Shiraz University [In Persian].

Razghandi, J., 2014. Investigation the effect of salinity stress on morphological and physiological characteristics of 5 population of summer savory. Master Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran [In Persian].

Rezaei, C.E., Jamali, M., Pirzad, A., Tofig, S., 2016. Effect of mycorrhizal fungi on some morphophysiological characters and yield of summer savory (Satureja hortensis l.) in saltin salt stress conditions. Journal of Plant Process and Function. 5(17), 15-29.

Rezaeian, A., 2015. Effect of biochar and Arbuscular mycorrhiza on cadmium absorption, transportation and accumulation in Mentha piperita. Master Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran [In Persian].

Roodbari, N., Roodbari, S., Ganjali, A., Sabeghinejad, F., Ansarifar, M., 2013. The effect of salinity stress on growth parameters and essential oil percentage of peppermint (Mentha piperita). International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biochemical Research. 1(9), 1009-1015.

Said-Al Ahl, H.A.H., Mahmoud, A.A., 2010. Effect of zinc and/or iron foliar application on growth and essential oil of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under salt stress. Ozean Journal of Applied Sciences. 3(1), 97-111.

Salami, M.R., Safarnejad, A.A., Hamidi, H., 2007. Effect of salinity stress on morphological characteristics of Cuminum cyminum and Valeriana officinalis. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi. 72, 77-83 [In Persian with English Summary].

Sefidkon, F., Abbasi, K., Khaniki, G.B., 2006. Influence of drying and extraction methods on yield and chemical composition of the essential oil of Satureja hortensis. Food Chemistry. 99, 19–23.

Sodaeizadeh, H., Tajamolian, M., Rafiei Hoseini, M., 2016. Effect of composing of sweet and salty water on some morphological index of Satureja hortensis. Crop and Environmental Stress. 1(1), 55-65 [In Persian with English Summary].

Sofo, A., Tuzio, A.C., Dichio, B., Xiloyannis, C., 2005. Influence of water deficit and re watering on the components of the ascorbate-gluta-thione cycle in four inter specific Prunus hybrids. PlantScience. 69, 403-412.

Sohi, S., Lopez-Capel, E., Krull, E., Bol, R., 2009. Biochar’s role in soil and climate change: a review of research needs. CSIRO Land and Water Science Report. 59, 1– 57.

Steiner, C., Das, K.C., Garcia, M., Forster, B., Zech, W., 2008. Charcoal and smoke extract stimulate the soil microbial community in a highly weathered xanthic Ferralso. Pedobiologia. 51, 359–366.

Tabatabaei, S.J., 2009. The methods of plant mineral nourishing. First edition. Kharazmi Publisher. 562p. [In Persian].

Tester, M., Davenport, R., 2003. Na⁺ tolerance and Na⁺ transport in higher plants. Annals of Botany. 91, 503-527.

Thomas, S.C., Fry, S., Gale, N., Garmon, M., Launchbury, R., Machado, N., Melamed, S., Murray, J., Petroff, A., Winsborough, A., 2013. Biochar mitigates negative effects of salt additions on two herbaceous plant species. Journal of Environmental Management. 129, 62-68.

Ungar, I.A., 1991. Ecophysiology of Vascular Halophytes. CRC Press, Boca Raton. 221p.

Vatankhah, E., Kalantari, B., Andalibi, B., 2017. Effects of methyl jasmonate and salt stress on physiological and phytochemical characteristics of peppermint. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 33(2), 449-465 [In Persian with English Summary].

Yazdanpanah, S., Baghizadeh, A., Abbassi, F., 2011. The interaction between drought stress and salicylic and ascorbic acids on some biochemical characteristics of Satureja hortensis. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 6(4), 798-807.

Yu, X., Liang, C., Chen, J., Qi, X., Liu, Y., Li, W., 2015. The effects of salinity stress on morphological characteristics, mineral nutrient accumulation and essential oil yield and composition in Mentha canadensis L. Scientia Horticulturae. 197, 579-583.

Yuan, J.H., Xu, R.K., Zhang, H., 2011. The forms of alkalis in the biochar produced from crop residues at different temperatures. Bioresource Technology. 102(3), 3488-3497.